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UPSC NDA, CDS & AFCAT Current Affairs Compendium

Curated from PIB & Ministry of Defence • Printed on 15 Oct, 2026

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UPSC PRELIMS / WRITTEN FOCUS:

Key factual data, participating nations, ranges, and organizations.

SSB GD & LECTURETTE ANGLE:

Geopolitical impact, operational readiness, and strategic deterrence.

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Economy Economic Policy & Trade

17 May, 2020

Finance Minister announces Government Reforms and Enablers across Seven Sectors under Aatma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan

Finance Minister announces Government Reforms and Enablers across Seven Sectors under Aatma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan PIB

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:

Under Article 112 of the Constitution of India, the Union Budget is officially termed as which constitutional statement?

(A) National Revenue Declaration

(B) Annual Financial Statement (AFS)

(D) Consolidated Fiscal Balance Sheet

Correct Answer: (B) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:

Direct NDA/CDS Polity & Economy: Article 112 mandates the President to cause to be laid before both Houses of Parliament an 'Annual Financial Statement' showing estimated receipts and expenditures of the Government of India.

SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:

Strategic Significance: Fiscal Security: Modern defence capital acquisitions depend on prudent budget allocation and sustainable debt-to-GDP ratios.

Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: Key budget priorities: Balancing capital infrastructure spending with fiscal deficit reduction.

IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'What is the difference between Revenue Expenditure and Capital Expenditure in the Union Budget?'

PIB Original Source

Economy Economic Policy & Trade

10 Jan, 2020

Key Highlights of Economic Survey 2019-20

Key Highlights of Economic Survey 2019-20 PIB Archives

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:

With reference to the current national development in "Key Highlights of Economic Survey 2019-20", which category does this update primarily impact?

(A) Commercial Foreign Exchange Speculation

(B) Local Municipal Tax Rate Assessment

(D) Private Commercial Real Estate Valuation

Correct Answer: (C) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:

NDA/CDS/AFCAT General Awareness: Candidates must track key national initiatives, responsible nodal ministries, institutional frameworks, and policy impacts for the General Knowledge paper.

SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:

Strategic Significance: Institutional Governance: Effective policy execution and civil-military alignment form the bedrock of national sovereignty.

Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The socio-economic impact of good governance and transparent public administration in India.

IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'How does strong domestic governance directly reinforce external national security?'

PIB Archives Original Source

UPSC NDA & CDS High-Yield Matrix

Major Joint Military Exercises of India

Exercise Name	Participating Country / Group	Defence Branch	Type & Nature	UPSC Exam Key Focus
MALABAR	India, USA, Japan, Australia (QUAD)	Navy	Multilateral Naval	High-intensity maritime interoperability, anti-submarine warfare (ASW) in Indo-Pacific.
YUDH ABHYAS	India & United States	Army	Bilateral Wargame	High-altitude counter-insurgency and cold-weather mountain warfare.
VAJRA PRAHAR	India & United States	Army (Special Forces)	Bilateral Special Forces	Urban counter-terrorism, hostage rescue, and airborne tactical raids.
SURYA KIRAN	India & Nepal	Army	Bilateral Mountain	Jungle warfare, counter-terrorism operations, and disaster relief drills.
GARUDA	India & France	Air Force	Bilateral Air Combat	Air defence simulation, aerial dogfights, Rafale & Sukhoi-30MKI interoperability.
VARUNA	India & France	Navy	Bilateral Maritime	Carrier strike group operations, cross-deck landings, tactical surface drills.
SHAKTI	India & France	Army	Bilateral Army	Semi-urban and mountainous counter-terror drills under UN Chapter VII mandate.
JIMEX	India & Japan	Navy	Bilateral Maritime	Complex maritime warfare, replenishment at sea, and Indo-Pacific security.
DHARMA GUARDIAN	India & Japan	Army	Bilateral Army	Tactical drills in built-up areas and anti-terrorist tactical interoperability.
SAMPRITI	India & Bangladesh	Army	Bilateral Border	Counter-insurgency and riverine terrain operational doctrine.
BONGOSAGAR	India & Bangladesh	Navy	Bilateral Maritime	Bay of Bengal joint maritime patrol (CORPAT) and anti-piracy operations.
MITRA SHAKTI	India & Sri Lanka	Army	Bilateral Army	Sub-conventional operations in semi-urban terrain under UN mandate.
SLINEX	India & Sri Lanka	Navy	Bilateral Maritime	Surface weapon firing, helicopter operations, and search & rescue (SAR).
NOMADIC ELEPHANT	India & Mongolia	Army	Bilateral Army	Mountain warfare, high-altitude survival, and counter-terror tactics.
DUSTLIK	India & Uzbekistan	Army	Bilateral Central Asia	Special operation tactics, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) reconnaissance.
KAZIND	India & Kazakhstan	Army (Joint)	Bilateral Army/Air	Counter-insurgency and counter-terrorist operations in sub-mountainous region.
TARANG SHAKTI	India + 10+ Allied Air Forces	Air Force	Mega Multilateral Air	India's largest multilateral air combat exercise demonstrating IAF global deterrence.
MILAN	India + 50+ Global Navies	Navy	Flagship Multilateral	Indian Navy's biennial congregation in Visakhapatnam for global maritime security.

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